© Copyright 2019 WETA Public Broadcasting. Successful program models for promoting the academic achievement of language minority students are those that enable these students to develop academic skills while learning English. Maintenance bilingual education: ELLs receive instruction in both English and their home language throughout elementary school and into the upper grades. Web page addresses and e-mail addresses turn into links automatically. Also called developmental bilingual programs, these group language minority students from a single language background in the same classroom with language majority (English-speaking) students. However, grouping intermediate ELLs across grade levels or even across several classrooms from the same grade level for instruction bring challenges in effectively supporting students in content area learning. ... Classroom teachers are skilled and effective in so many other areas of instruction and are asked to differentiate based on all their students’ needs. Washington: U. S. Department of Education, Office of Bilingual Education and Minority Languages Affairs. ○ The Politics of Language ○ What patterns does English language development typically follow? ESL programs can accommodate students from different language backgrounds in the same class, and teachers do not need to be proficient in the home language(s) of their students. Table 1 illustrates the range of programs within the continuum of instructional models for English language learners. Excerpted from: Rennie, J. Instruction in the first language is phased out rapidly, with most students mainstreamed by the end of first or second grade. Developing a Model of Effective English Teaching for Pre-service Teacher Education Youb Kim, Ph.D. Assistant Professor in ESL/ELL Co-Director of ESL Certificate Program 155 Chambers, University Park, 16802 The Pennsylvania State University June 13, 2011 (1991). However, different models may be appropriate for different settings. Major support provided by our founding partner, the American Federation of Teachers, AFL-CIO. As in sheltered English and content-based programs, English is taught through the content areas. Resource Guide for Working with ESL StudentsIntroduction ○ Who are English Language Learners? Rather than pulling students out of their grade level classroom, this program model brings the ESL specialist into classrooms. Garcia, E. (1991). Teaching Facilities: Is there space for a separate ESL classroom. By the year 2000, it is anticipated that the number of limited-English-proficient (LEP). Different types of ESL programs. The best program organization is one that is tailored to meet the linguistic, academic, and affective needs of students; provides language minority students with the instruction necessary to allow them to progress through school at a rate commensurate with their native-English-speaking peers; and makes the best use of district and community resources. ○ What are common program models for ESL education? It should always be a flexible, mixed model resulting in ESL students being taught by teachers with demonstrated excellence in teaching second-language learners. (1993). Two-way bilingual classes may be taught by a single teacher who is proficient in both languages or by two teachers, one of whom is bilingual. Although the acquisition of English is one of the goals of sheltered English and content-based programs, instruction focuses on content rather than language. This program model is especially effective for beginning ELLs who … These are designed to help children acquire the English skills required to succeed in an English-only mainstream classroom. The effectiveness of various program models for language minority students remains the subject of controversy, and there are several factors to consider when selecting a program model… Students in bilingual programs are grouped according to their first language, and teachers must be proficient in both English and the students' home language. A Descriptive study of significant features of exemplary special alternative instructional programs. Her ESL program is a NJ model program benefiting all students and practitioners. Instruction is provided in both English and the minority language. ED 338 099). They ESL specialist may spend several hours a day in an elementary classroom when this model is implemented. What does the ESL specialist need from me? Evidence of their effectiveness. Our teacher education programs have been accredited since 1965. Artwork by Caldecott Award-winning illustrator David Diaz and Pura Belpré Award-winning illustrator Rafael López is used with permission. This is a variation of the pull-out design, bringing students together from several classrooms or schools. Bilingual Research Journal, 16, p. 187-212. Effective instruction for language minority students: An early childhood case study. The specialist may assist ELLs with the same lesson that the rest of the class is doing or modify the lesson or assignment in some way. In this lesson, teachers will learn about the English as a Second Language (ESL) pull-out model of instruction. These group language minority students from different language backgrounds together in classes where teachers use English as the medium for providing content area instruction, adapting their language to the proficiency level of the students. San Mateo, CA: Aguirre International. The teacher's use of the children's first language is limited primarily to clarification of English instruction. National Association of Elementary School Principals. These differ from early-exit programs "primarily in the amount and duration that English is used for instruction as well as the length of time students are to participate in each program" (Ramirez, Yuen, & Ramey, 1991). ○ Conclusion ○ Resources ○ Appendix 1: Declaration of Rights for Parents of English Language Learners under No Child Left Behind ○ Appendix 2: Legislation of the 108th Congress concerning Foreign Languages and International Education ○ Appendix 3: Six Levels of Minority Language Policy, 228 Chambers BuildingUniversity Park, PA 16802(814) 865-0488. All models must address how academic deficits that are the result. ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Linguistics. As the name implies, when team teaching approaches are used the ESL specialist and grade level teacher work as a team both to plan and deliver instruction to all students in the class, the classroom teacher as the content expert, and the ESL specialist as the expert on effective strategies for ELLs.
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